The Knight's Tale, part 1

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This tale is an uncorrected draft. See the development notes for details about the current state of the text.

 Whilom, as olde stories tellen us,
 Ther was a duc that highte Theseus;was called   
 Of Atthenes he was lord and governour,
 And in his tyme swich a conquerour
5That gretter was ther noon under the sonne.
 Ful many a riche contree hadde he wonne;
 What with his wysdom and his chivalrie,
 He conquered al the regne of Femenye,
 That whilom was ycleped Scithia,
10And weddede the queene Ypolita,
 And broghte hire hoom with hym in his contree
 With muchel glorie and greet solempnytee,
 And eek hir yonge suster Emelye.
 And thus with victorie and with melodye
15Lete I this noble duc to Atthenes ryde,
 And al his hoost in armes hym bisyde.
 And certes, if it nere to long to heere,certainly   
 I wolde have toold yow fully the manere
 How wonnen was the regne of Femenye
20By Theseus and by his chivalrye;
 And of the grete bataille for the nones
 Bitwixen Atthenes and Amazones;
 And how asseged was Ypolita,
 The faire, hardy queene of Scithia;
25And of the feste that was at hir weddynge,their   
 And of the tempest at hir hoom-comynge;
 But al that thyng I moot as now forbere.must   
 I have, God woot, a large feeld to ere,knows   plough   
 And wayke been the oxen in my plough.
30The remenant of the tale is long ynough.
 I wol nat letten eek noon of this route;
 Lat every felawe telle his tale aboute,
 And lat se now who shal the soper wynne;
 And ther I lefte, I wol ayeyn bigynne.
35This duc, of whom I make mencioun,
 Whan he was come almoost unto the toun,
 In al his wele and in his mooste pride,
 He was war, as he caste his eye aside,
 Where that ther kneled in the heighe weye
40A compaignye of ladyes, tweye and tweye,
 Ech after oother clad in clothes blake;
 But swich a cry and swich a wo they make
 That in this world nys creature lyvynge
 That herde swich another waymentynge;
45And of this cry they nolde nevere stenten
 Til they the reynes of his brydel henten.
 "What folk been ye, that at myn hom-comynge
 Perturben so my feste with criynge?"
 Quod Theseus. "Have ye so greet envye
50Of myn honour, that thus compleyne and crye?
 Or who hath yow mysboden or offended?
 And telleth me if it may been amended,
 And why that ye been clothed thus in blak."
 The eldeste lady of them alle spak,
55Whan she hadde swowned with a deedly cheere,
 That it was routhe for to seen and heere;
 She seyde, "Lord, to whom Fortune hath yiven
 Victorie, and as a conqueror to lyven,
 Nat greveth us youre glorie and youre honour,
60But we biseken mercy and socour.
 Have mercy on oure wo and oure distresse!
 Som drope of pitee, thurgh thy gentillesse,
 Upon us wrecched wommen lat thou falle,
 For, certes, lord, ther is noon of us allecertainly   
65That she ne hath been a duchesse or a queene.
 Now be we caytyves, as it is wel seene,wretches   
 Thanked be Fortune and hire false wheel,
 That noon estaat assureth to be weel.
 And certes, lord, to abyden youre presence,certainly   
70Heere in this temple of the goddesse Clemence
 We han ben waitynge al this fourtenyght.
 Now help us, lord, sith it is in thy myght.
 "I, wrecche, which that wepe and wayle thus,
 Was whilom wyf to kyng Cappaneus,
75That starf at Thebes -- cursed be that day! --
 And alle we that been in this array
 And maken al this lamentacioun,
 We losten alle oure housbondes at that toun,
 Whil that the seege theraboute lay.
80And yet now the olde Creon -- weylaway! --
 That lord is now of Thebes the citee,
 Fulfild of ire and of iniquitee,
 He, for despit and for his tirannye,
 To do the dede bodyes vileynye
85Of alle oure lordes whiche that been yslawe,
 Hath alle the bodyes on an heep ydrawe,
 And wol nat suffren hem, by noon assent,them   
 Neither to been yburyed nor ybrent,
 But maketh houndes ete them in despit."
90And with that word, withouten moore respit,
 They fillen gruf and criden pitously,
 "Have on us wrecched wommen som mercy,
 And lat oure sorwe synken in thyn herte."
 This gentil duc doun from his courser sterteleapt   
95With herte pitous, whan he herde them speke.
 Hym thoughte that his herte wolde breke,
 Whan he saugh hem so pitous and so maat,disheartened   
 That whilom weren of so greet estaat;
 And in his armes he hem alle up hente,
100And hem conforteth in ful good entente,
 And swoor his ooth, as he was trewe knyght,
 He wolde doon so ferforthly his myght
 Upon the tiraunt Creon hem to wrekeavenge   
 That al the peple of Grece sholde speke
105How Creon was of Theseus yserved
 As he that hadde his deeth ful wel deserved.
 And right anoon, withouten moore abood,
 His baner he desplayeth, and forth rood
 To Thebes-ward, and al his hoost biside.
110No neer Atthenes wolde he go ne ride,
 Ne take his ese fully half a day,
 But onward on his wey that nyght he lay,
 And sente anon Ypolita the queene,
 And Emelye, hir yonge suster sheene,
115Unto the toun of Atthenes to dwelle,
 And forth he rit; ther is namoore to telle.
 The rede statue of Mars, with spere and targe,
 So shyneth in his white baner large
 That alle the feeldes glyteren up and doun;
120And by his baner born is his penoun
 Of gold ful riche, in which ther was ybete
 The Mynotaur, which that he wan in Crete.
 Thus rit this duc, thus rit this conquerour,
 And in his hoost of chivalrie the flour,
125Til that he cam to Thebes and alighte
 Faire in a feeld, ther as he thoughte to fighte.road   
 But shortly for to speken of this thyng,
 With Creon, which that was of Thebes kyng,
 He faught, and slough hym manly as a knyght
130In pleyn bataille, and putte the folk to flyght;
 And by assaut he wan the citee after,
 And rente adoun bothe wall and sparre and rafter;
 And to the ladyes he restored agayn
 The bones of hir freendes that were slayn,
135To doon obsequies, as was tho the gyse.then   custom   
 But it were al to longe for to devysetell   
 The grete clamour and the waymentynge
 That the ladyes made at the brennynge
 Of the bodies, and the grete honour
140That Theseus, the noble conquerour,
 Dooth to the ladyes, whan they from hym wente;
 But shortly for to telle is myn entente.
 Whan that this worthy duc, this Theseus,
 Hath Creon slayn and wonne Thebes thus,Scornfull   
145Stille in that feeld he took al nyght his reste,
 And dide with al the contree as hym leste.
 To ransake in the taas of bodyes dede,
 Hem for to strepe of harneys and of wede,clothing   
 The pilours diden bisynesse and cure
150After the bataille and disconfiture.
 And so bifel that in the taas they founde,
 Thurgh-girt with many a grevous blody wounde,
 Two yonge knyghtes liggynge by and by,
 Bothe in oon armes, wroght ful richely,
155Of whiche two Arcita highte that oon,
 And that oother knyght highte Palamon.
 Nat fully quyke, ne fully dede they were,
 But by hir cote-armures and by hir gere
 The heraudes knewe hem best in special
160As they that weren of the blood roial
 Of Thebes, and of sustren two yborn.
 Out of the taas the pilours han hem torn,
 And han hem caried softe unto the tente
 Of Theseus; and he ful soone hem sente
165To Atthenes, to dwellen in prisoun
 Perpetuelly -- he nolde no raunsoun.
 And whan this worthy duc hath thus ydon,scorfully   
 He took his hoost, and hoom he rit anon
 With laurer crowned as a conquerour;
170And ther he lyveth in joye and in honour
 Terme of his lyf; what nedeth wordes mo?
 And in a tour, in angwissh and in wo,
 This Palamon and his felawe Arcite
 For everemoore; ther may no gold hem quite.
175This passeth yeer by yeer and day by day,
 Till it fil ones, in a morwe of May,
 That Emelye, that fairer was to sene
 Than is the lylie upon his stalke grene,
 And fressher than the May with floures newe --
180For with the rose colour stroof hire hewe,
 I noot which was the fyner of hem two --them   
 Er it were day, as was hir wone to do,
 She was arisen and al redy dight,
 For May wole have no slogardie anyght.
185The sesoun priketh every gentil herte,
 And maketh it out of his slep to sterte,
 And seith "Arys, and do thyn observaunce."
 This maked Emelye have remembraunce
 To doon honour to May, and for to ryse.
190Yclothed was she fressh, for to devyse:
 Hir yelow heer was broyded in a tresse
 Bihynde hir bak, a yerde long, I gesse.
 And in the gardyn, at the sonne upriste,
 She walketh up and doun, and as hire liste
195She gadereth floures, party white and rede,
 To make a subtil gerland for hire hede;
 And as an aungel hevenysshly she soong.
 The grete tour, that was so thikke and stroong,
 Which of the castel was the chief dongeoun
200(Ther as the knyghtes weren in prisoun
 Of which I tolde yow and tellen shal),
 Was evene joynant to the gardyn wal
 Ther as this Emelye hadde hir pleyynge.
 Bright was the sonne and cleer that morwenynge,
205And Palamoun, this woful prisoner,
 As was his wone, by leve of his gayler,
 Was risen and romed in a chambre an heigh,
 In which he al the noble citee seigh,
 And eek the gardyn, ful of braunches grene,also   
210Ther as this fresshe Emelye the shene
 Was in hire walk, and romed up and doun.
 This sorweful prisoner, this Palamoun,
 Goth in the chambre romynge to and fro
 And to hymself compleynynge of his wo.
215That he was born, ful ofte he seyde, "allas!"
 And so bifel, by aventure or cas,
 That thurgh a wyndow, thikke of many a barre
 Of iren greet and square as any sparre,
 He cast his eye upon Emelya,
220And therwithal he bleynte and cride, "A!"
 As though he stongen were unto the herte.
 And with that cry Arcite anon up sterte
 And seyde, "Cosyn myn, what eyleth thee,you   
 That art so pale and deedly on to see?
225Why cridestow? Who hath thee doon offence?did you cry out   you   
 For Goddes love, taak al in pacience
 Oure prisoun, for it may noon oother be.
 Fortune hath yeven us this adversitee.
 Som wikke aspect or disposicioun
230Of Saturne, by som constellacioun,
 Hath yeven us this, although we hadde it sworn;
 So stood the hevene whan that we were born.
 We moste endure it; this is the short and playn."
 This Palamon answerde and seyde agayn,
235"Cosyn, for sothe, of this opinioun
 Thow hast a veyn ymaginacioun.
 This prison caused me nat for to crye,
 But I was hurt right now thurghout myn ye
 Into myn herte, that wol my bane be.
240The fairnesse of that lady that I see
 Yond in the gardyn romen to and fro
 Is cause of al my criyng and my wo.
 I noot wher she be womman or goddesse,
 But Venus is it soothly, as I gesse."
245And therwithal on knees doun he fil,
 And seyde, "Venus, if it be thy wil
 Yow in this gardyn thus to transfigure
 Bifore me, sorweful, wrecched creature,
 Out of this prisoun help that we may scapen.
250And if so be my destynee be shapen
 By eterne word to dyen in prisoun,
 Of oure lynage have som compassioun,
 That is so lowe ybroght by tirannye."
 And with that word Arcite gan espye
255Wher as this lady romed to and fro,
 And with that sighte hir beautee hurte hym so,
 That, if that Palamon was wounded sore,
 Arcite is hurt as muche as he, or moore.
 And with a sigh he seyde pitously,
260"The fresshe beautee sleeth me sodeynly
 Of hire that rometh in the yonder place;
 And but I have hir mercy and hir grace,
 That I may seen hire atte leeste weye,
 I nam but deed; ther nis namoore to seye."
265This Palamon, whan he tho wordes herde,
 Dispitously he looked and answerde,
 "Wheither seistow this in ernest or in pley?"   
 "Nay," quod Arcite, "in ernest, by my fey!affected   
 God helpe me so, me list ful yvele pleye."
270This Palamon gan knytte his browes tweye.
 "It nere," quod he, "to thee no greet honour      
 For to be fals, ne for to be traitour
 To me, that am thy cosyn and thy brother
 Ysworn ful depe, and ech of us til oother,
275That nevere, for to dyen in the peyne,
 Til that the deeth departe shal us tweyne,
 Neither of us in love to hyndre oother,
 Ne in noon oother cas, my leeve brother,   situation, circumstances   
 But that thou sholdest trewely forthren me
280In every cas, as I shal forthren thee --situation, circumstances   You   
 This was thyn ooth, and myn also, certeyn;      
 I woot right wel, thou darst it nat withseyn.
 Thus artow of my conseil, out of doute,
 And now thow woldest falsly been aboute
285To love my lady, whom I love and serve,
 And evere shal til that myn herte sterve.   
 Nay, certes, false Arcite, thow shalt nat so.
 I loved hire first, and tolde thee my wo
 As to my conseil and my brother sworn
290To forthre me, as I have toold biforn.advance, aid   
 For which thou art ybounden as a knyght
 To helpen me, if it lay in thy myght,   
 Or elles artow fals, I dar wel seyn."
 This Arcite ful proudly spak ageyn:
295"Thow shalt," quod he, "be rather fals than I;
 And thou art fals, I telle thee outrely,
 For paramour I loved hire first er thow.
 What wiltow seyen? Thou woost nat yet now   
 Wheither she be a womman or goddesse!
300Thyn is affeccioun of hoolynesse,
 And myn is love as to a creature;
 For which I tolde thee myn aventure
 As to my cosyn and my brother sworn.
 I pose that thow lovedest hire biforn;to question      
305Wostow nat wel the olde clerkes sawe,   
 That "who shal yeve a lovere any lawe?"
 Love is a gretter lawe, by my pan,
 Than may be yeve to any erthely man;
 And therfore positif lawe and swich decree   
310Is broken al day for love in ech degree.
 A man moot nedes love, maugree his heed;   
 He may nat fleen it, thogh he sholde be deed,
 Al be she mayde, or wydwe, or elles wyf.   
 And eek it is nat likly al thy lyf      
315To stonden in hir grace; namoore shal I;
 For wel thou woost thyselven, verraily,   
 That thou and I be dampned to prisoun   
 Perpetuelly; us gayneth no raunsoun.
 We stryve as dide the houndes for the boon;
320They foughte al day, and yet hir part was noon.
 Ther cam a kyte, whil that they were so wrothe,   angry   
 And baar awey the boon bitwixe hem bothe.   
 And therfore, at the kynges court, my brother,
 Ech man for hymself, ther is noon oother.
325Love, if thee list, for I love and ay shal;
 And soothly, leeve brother, this is al.
 Heere in this prisoun moote we endure,hair      
 And everich of us take his aventure."
 Greet was the strif and long bitwix hem tweye,      
330If that I hadde leyser for to seye;
 But to th"effect. It happed on a day,   
 To telle it yow as shortly as I may,   
 A worthy duc that highte Perotheus,
 That felawe was unto duc Theseus
335Syn thilke day that they were children lite,
 Was come to Atthenes his felawe to visite,
 And for to pleye as he was wont to do;
 For in this world he loved no man so,
 And he loved hym als tendrely agayn.
340So wel they lovede, as olde bookes sayn,
 That whan that oon was deed, soothly to telle,
 His felawe wente and soughte hym doun in helle --
 But of that storie list me nat to write.
 Duc Perotheus loved wel Arcite,
345And hadde hym knowe at Thebes yeer by yere,
 And finally at requeste and preyere
 Of Perotheus, withouten any raunsoun,
 Duc Theseus hym leet out of prisoun
 Frely to goon wher that hym liste over al,
350In swich a gyse as I you tellen shal.
 This was the forward, pleynly for t"endite,
 Bitwixen Theseus and hym Arcite:
 That if so were that Arcite were yfounde
 Evere in his lif, by day or nyght, oo stounde
355In any contree of this Theseus,
 And he were caught, it was acorded thus,
 That with a swerd he sholde lese his heed.
 Ther nas noon oother remedie ne reed;advice   
 But taketh his leve, and homward he him spedde.
360Lat hym be war! His nekke lith to wedde.
 How greet a sorwe suffreth now Arcite!
 The deeth he feeleth thurgh his herte smyte;
 He wepeth, wayleth, crieth pitously;
 To sleen hymself he waiteth prively.
365He seyde, "Allas that day that I was born!
 Now is my prisoun worse than biforn;
 Now is me shape eternally to dwelle
 Noght in purgatorie, but in helle.
 Allas, that evere knew I Perotheus!
370For elles hadde I dwelled with Theseus,
 Yfetered in his prisoun everemo.
 Thanne hadde I been in blisse and nat in wo.
 Oonly the sighte of hire whom that I serve,
 Though that I nevere hir grace may deserve,
375Wolde han suffised right ynough for me.
 O deere cosyn Palamon," quod he,said   
 "Thyn is the victorie of this aventure.
 Ful blisfully in prison maistow dure --
 In prison? Certes nay, but in paradys!
380Wel hath Fortune yturned thee the dys,you   
 That hast the sighte of hire, and I th"absence.
 For possible is, syn thou hast hire presence,
 And art a knyght, a worthy and an able,
 That by som cas, syn Fortune is chaungeable,
385Thow maist to thy desir somtyme atteyne.
 But I, that am exiled and bareyne
 Of alle grace, and in so greet dispeir
 That ther nys erthe, water, fir, ne eir,
 Ne creature that of hem maked is,
390That may me helpe or doon confort in this,
 Wel oughte I sterve in wanhope and distresse.die   
 Farwel my lif, my lust, and my gladnesse!
 "Allas, why pleynen folk so in commune
 On purveiaunce of God, or of Fortune,
395That yeveth hem ful ofte in many a gyse
 Wel bettre than they kan hemself devyse?
 Som man desireth for to han richesse,
 That cause is of his mordre or greet siknesse;
 And som man wolde out of his prisoun fayn,
400That in his hous is of his meynee slayn.
 Infinite harmes been in this mateere.
 We witen nat what thing we preyen heere;
 We faren as he that dronke is as a mous.
 A dronke man woot wel he hath an hous,
405But he noot which the righte wey is thider,
 And to a dronke man the wey is slider.
 And certes, in this world so faren we;
 We seken faste after felicitee,
 But we goon wrong ful often, trewely.
410Thus may we seyen alle, and namely I,
 That wende and hadde a greet opinioun
 That if I myghte escapen from prisoun,
 Thanne hadde I been in joye and parfit heele,
 Ther now I am exiled fro my wele.
415Syn that I may nat seen you, Emelye,
 I nam but deed; ther nys no remedye."
 Upon that oother syde Palamon,
 Whan that he wiste Arcite was agon,
 Swich sorwe he maketh that the grete tour
420Resouneth of his youlyng and clamour.
 The pure fettres on his shynes grete
 Weren of his bittre, salte teeres wete.
 "Allas," quod he, "Arcita, cosyn myn,said   
 Of al oure strif, God woot, the fruyt is thyn.
425Thow walkest now in Thebes at thy large,
 And of my wo thow yevest litel charge.
 Thou mayst, syn thou hast wisdom and manhede,
 Assemblen alle the folk of oure kynrede,
 And make a werre so sharp on this citee
430That by som aventure or some tretee
 Thow mayst have hire to lady and to wyf
 For whom that I moste nedes lese my lyf.
 For, as by wey of possibilitee,
 Sith thou art at thy large, of prisoun free,Since   you   at   
435And art a lord, greet is thyn avauntage
 Moore than is myn, that sterve here in a cage.dies   
 For I moot wepe and wayle, whil I lyve,
 With al the wo that prison may me yive,
 And eek with peyne that love me yeveth also,
440That doubleth al my torment and my wo."
 Therwith the fyr of jalousie up sterte
 Withinne his brest, and hente him by the herte
 So woodly that he lyk was to biholde
 The boxtree or the asshen dede and colde.
445Thanne seyde he, "O crueel goddes that governe
 This world with byndyng of youre word eterne,
 And writen in the table of atthamaunt
 Youre parlement and youre eterne graunt,
 What is mankynde moore unto you holde
450Than is the sheep that rouketh in the folde?huddle   
 For slayn is man right as another beest,
 And dwelleth eek in prison and arreest,
 And hath siknesse and greet adversitee,
 And ofte tymes giltelees, pardee.
455"What governance is in this prescience,
 That giltelees tormenteth innocence?
 And yet encresseth this al my penaunce,
 That man is bounden to his observaunce,
 For Goddes sake, to letten of his wille,
460Ther as a beest may al his lust fulfille.
 And whan a beest is deed he hath no peyne;
 But man after his deeth moot wepe and pleyne,
 Though in this world he have care and wo.
 Withouten doute it may stonden so.
465The answere of this lete I to dyvynys,
 But wel I woot that in this world greet pyne ys.know   this   
 Allas, I se a serpent or a theef,
 That many a trewe man hath doon mescheef,
 Goon at his large, and where hym list may turne.
470But I moot been in prisoun thurgh Saturne,
 And eek thurgh Juno, jalous and eek wood,
 That hath destroyed wel ny al the blood
 Of Thebes with his waste walles wyde;
 And Venus sleeth me on that oother sydeslays   
475For jalousie and fere of hym Arcite."
 Now wol I stynte of Palamon a lite,
 And lete hym in his prisoun stille dwelle,
 And of Arcita forth I wol yow telle.
 The somer passeth, and the nyghtes longe
480Encressen double wise the peynes stronge
 Bothe of the lovere and the prisoner.
 I noot which hath the wofuller mester.
 For, shortly for to seyn, this Palamoun
 Perpetuelly is dampned to prisoun,
485In cheynes and in fettres to been deed;
 And Arcite is exiled upon his heed
 For everemo, as out of that contree,
 Ne nevere mo ne shal his lady see.
 Yow loveres axe I now this questioun:
490Who hath the worse, Arcite or Palamoun?
 That oon may seen his lady day by day,
 But in prison he moot dwelle alway;
 That oother wher hym list may ride or go,
 But seen his lady shal he nevere mo.
495Now demeth as yow liste, ye that kan,answer   
 For I wol telle forth as I bigan.